The adrenal gland is a pair of triangular shaped glands, attached to the top of each kidney.  The outer part is called the adrenal cortex and the inner part is called the adrenal medulla. 

    Each part of the adrenal gland uses the following hormones:

Adrenal Cortex

• aldosterone - regulates the salt and water balance in the body, as well as maintain proper blood pressure; it is the prinicpal mineralocorticoid.
  
• cortisol - regulates inflammatory response of immune system; regulates metabolism and manages effects of insulin in metabolism; maintains sense of well being; also helps maintain blood pressure; it is the principal glucocorticoid.
• gonadocorticoids (sex hormones) - does not usually have a significant effect as the hormones from the gonads are stronger.

Adrenal Medulla

    The adrenal medulla produces the hormones epinephrine and norepinephrine.  Epinephrine is also called adrenaline.  Epinephrine is released during stressful situations, causing an increase in blood pressure and heart rate.

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